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In programming, do-while loops are a fundamental control flow statement used to execute a block of code repeatedly as long as a specified condition remains true.

The defining characteristic of a do-while loop is that it guarantees the code block will execute at least once, because the condition is checked after the code block has run.

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How the do-while Loop Works

1. Execute: The code inside the { } block runs first.
2. Evaluate: The condition is checked.
3. Repeat/Exit: If the condition is true, the loop returns to the top and repeats. If it is false, the loop terminates and the program proceeds to the next line of code.

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Syntax

do {
    // Code to be executed
} while (condition);
    

Example (JavaScript)

In this example, the loop will print the value of i and then check if i < 5.

let i = 0;

do {
    console.log("Count is: " + i);
    i++;
} while (i < 5);
    

Comparison: while vs. do-while

Feature	while Loop	do-while Loop
Condition Check	Before execution	After execution
Minimum Iterations	0	1

Note: The most common real-world application for a do-while loop is input validation, where you need to prompt the user at least once before checking if the data is correct.